What Is Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses are a type of virus. There are many different kinds, and some cause disease. A coronavirus identified in 2019, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a pandemic of respiratory illness, called COVID-19.
What You Need to Know COVID-19
- COVID-19是由2019年12月出现的冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2引起的疾病.
- COVID-19 can be severe, 它在世界各地造成了数百万人死亡，并给一些幸存下来的人带来了持久的健康问题.
- The coronavirus can be spread from person to person. It is diagnosed with a test.
- 保护自己的最好方法是在你符合条件的时候接种疫苗, follow testing guidelines, wear a mask, wash your hands and practice physical distancing.
How does the coronavirus spread?
As of now, 研究人员知道，冠状病毒是通过感染者呼吸时释放到空气中的飞沫和病毒颗粒传播的, talks, laughs, sings, coughs or sneezes. Larger droplets may fall to the ground in a few seconds, 但微小的传染性颗粒可以在空气中徘徊并在室内积聚, 特别是在人多、通风不好的地方. 这就是为什么戴口罩、保持手卫生和保持身体距离对预防COVID-19至关重要.
How did the coronavirus start?
The first case of COVID-19 was reported Dec. 2019年1月1日，病因是当时新的冠状病毒，后来被命名为SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2可能起源于动物并发生变化(突变)，因此可能导致人类患病. In the past, 几次传染病暴发可追溯到源自禽类的病毒, pigs, 蝙蝠和其他动物发生变异，对人类构成威胁. Research continues, 更多的研究可能会揭示冠状病毒是如何以及为什么演变成大流行疾病的.
What is the incubation period for COVID-19?
人们在接触病毒后2到14天内就会出现症状. 感染冠状病毒的人在症状出现前最多两天会传染给他人, and they remain contagious to others for 10 to 20 days, 取决于他们的免疫系统和疾病的严重程度.
在过去的六个月里，你对冠状病毒有什么了解?
传染病专家丽莎·马拉加基斯解释了COVID-19治疗的进展，以及对COVID-19的了解如何有助于预防病毒的进一步传播.
What are symptoms of coronavirus?
COVID-19 symptoms include:
- Cough
- Fever or chills
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Muscle or body aches
- Sore throat
- New loss of taste or smell
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- New fatigue
- Nausea or vomiting
- Congestion or runny nose
一些感染冠状病毒的人患有轻微的COVID-19疾病, and others have no symptoms at all. 然而，在某些情况下，COVID-19可导致呼吸衰竭，并持续 lung and heart muscle damage, nervous system problems, kidney failure or death.
If you have a fever or any of the symptoms listed above, 在去看医生之前，打电话给你的医生或卫生保健提供者，在电话里解释你的症状, urgent care facility or emergency room. Here are suggestions 如果你感觉不舒服，担心自己可能感染了COVID-19.
如果你有严重的呼吸短促或呼吸困难等医疗紧急情况，请拨打911.
What Is Coronavirus?
How is COVID-19 diagnosed?
COVID-19 is diagnosed through a test. 由于许多COVID-19体征和症状可能由其他疾病引起，因此仅通过检查进行诊断是困难的. 有些冠状病毒感染者根本没有症状. Learn more about COVID-19 testing.
How is COVID-19 treated?
Treatment for COVID-19 depends on the severity of the infection. 对于较轻的疾病，在家休息和服用退烧药物通常就足够了. More severe cases may require hospitalization, 治疗可能包括静脉注射药物, supplemental oxygen, assisted ventilation and other supportive measures
How do you protect yourself from this?
There are several COVID-19 vaccines recommended by the CDC. It is also important to receive a booster when you are eligible.
In addition, it helps to keep up with other safety precautions, such as following testing guidelines, wearing a mask, washing your hands and practicing physical distancing.
Does COVID-19 cause death?
Yes, severe COVID-19 can be fatal. 有关全球冠状病毒感染、死亡和疫苗接种的最新情况，请参阅 Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases 该地图由约翰霍普金斯大学系统科学与工程中心开发.
辉瑞和Moderna这两种新型冠状病毒疫苗已获得FDA的全面批准，并被美国疾病控制与预防中心推荐为在预防严重疾病方面非常有效, hospitalization and death from COVID-19.
美国疾病控制与预防中心指出，在大多数情况下，辉瑞公司和Moderna公司的两种mRNA疫苗比其他疫苗更受欢迎 Johnson & 约翰逊疫苗由于严重不良事件的风险.
It is also important to receive a booster when eligible. 你可以得到这三种授权或批准的疫苗中的任何一种，但是 CDC解释说，在大多数情况下，辉瑞和Moderna是首选.
Why is it called coronavirus?
冠状病毒因其外观而得名:“corona”意为“王冠”.“病毒的外层覆盖着刺突蛋白，像皇冠一样围绕着它们.
Is this coronavirus different from SARS?
SARS stands for severe acute respiratory syndrome. 2003年，SARS在几个国家爆发，直到2004年才结束. 导致COVID-19的冠状病毒与导致2003年SARS爆发的冠状病毒相似.
因为2019年的冠状病毒与导致SARS的原始冠状病毒有关，也可能导致严重急性呼吸系统综合征, there is “SARS” in its name: SARS-CoV-2. Much is still unknown about these viruses, 但SARS-CoV-2比2003年的SARS-CoV-1传播得更快、更远. 这可能是因为它很容易在人与人之间传播, even from asymptomatic carriers of the virus.
Are there different variants of this coronavirus?
Yes, there are different variants of this coronavirus. 像其他病毒一样，引起COVID-19的冠状病毒可以改变(突变)。. 突变可能使冠状病毒在人与人之间传播得更快，就像丁型和组粒型变异一样. 更多的感染会导致更多的人病得很重，也为病毒进一步突变创造了更多的机会. Read more about coronavirus variants.
Coronavirus: What do I do if I Feel Sick?
If you are concerned that you may have COVID-19, 遵循以下步骤有助于保护自己和他人的健康.
About Coronaviruses
- Coronaviruses are common in different animals. Rarely, an animal coronavirus can infect humans.
- There are many different kinds of coronaviruses. 其中一些会引起感冒或其他轻微的呼吸系统疾病(鼻、喉、肺).
- Other coronaviruses can cause serious diseases, 包括严重急性呼吸系统综合症(SARS)和中东呼吸系统综合症(MERS).
